火山
夏威夷的火山
夏威夷的主要火山为盾状火山。从这种火山中流出的熔岩流形成了坡度和缓、形似盾牌的山体。茂纳洛亚 (Maunaloa) 就是一个很好的例子，它是全球最大的孤立山体，很隐蔽地占据了夏威夷大岛一半的面积。伫立在这座“沉睡的巨山”上，您会对地球不断变化的地貌更具敬畏之心。
夏威夷活火山
夏威夷目前有三座活火山。其中两座是夏威夷大岛夏威夷火山国家公园中的茂纳洛亚 (Maunaloa) 和基拉韦厄 (Kilauea)。茂纳洛亚上一次喷发是在 1984 年，而基拉韦厄则从 1983 年一直在持续喷发。罗希 (Loihi) 位于夏威夷大岛南海岸不远处的水下。这座新生海底山自 1996 年起就在持续喷发，最终可能会露出海面，为夏威夷群岛增加一座新的岛屿。您也可以选择夏威夷其他著名火山进行徒步、探索或在导游陪同下游览，包括茂宜岛的哈雷阿卡拉 (Haleakala)、欧胡岛的钻石山 (Leahi) 和庞奇包尔 (Punchbowl) 太平洋国家纪念公墓 (National Memorial Cemetery of the Pacific)、夏威夷大岛的茂纳凯亚 (Maunakea) 或霍阿拉莱 (Hualalai)。
“Tip 1: Stay on designated pathways and out of hazardous areas. Newly cooled lava deltas can collapse into the sea at any time.
”
“Tip 2: Wear proper shoes. This is not flip-flop territory. The lava rocks are sharp and unforgiving. Armor your feet accordingly.”
“Tip 3: Drink plenty of water. Lava fields give off a heat of their own from lava not far beneath the surface. Plus they're black, making it even warmer.”
“Tip 4: If you're going for sunrise or sunset, make sure you go early. Crowds tend to form at these times.”
“Tip 5: Don't forget to read the information and updates on conditions at the park before you go!”
“Tip 6: Bring a rain jacket. The temperature at the summit may be considerably cooler than at sea level.”
“Tip 7: Got questions? Want to know if you can go into a particular area? Ask a professional. The rangers enjoy imparting information to guests.”
“Tip 8: Slather on the Reef Safe sunscreen. At these altitudes you're even closer to the sun and can get burned easily. Be sure to use Reef Safe just in case you take a dip later on!
”
“Tip 10: Donate until it feels good! The parks need all the help they can get!
”
夏威夷火山国家公园
步道总长达 241 公里，沿着步道可以探索火山口、被热气烤灼的沙漠和雨林以及岩石画、可以进入的熔岩管以及全球最为活跃的活火山之一 — 基拉韦厄 (Kilauea)，它从 1983 年开始就在持续喷发。